Soviet Union's Chaotic History (1922-1991)

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Taking a look at the many factors that effected the Soviet Union's turbulent history. A look at how after five years of civil war in Russia, the Soviet Union is formed on 30 December 1922. Full episodes Part 1 - Red October to Barbarossa 00:00 Part 2 - 100th Anniversary 1922 44:56 Part 3 - Revolution and Dissolution 01:26:13

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01:00:03

Hamas: The Terrorist Organisation that wants to destroy Israel

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12K views 3 weeks ago

,Saturday, October 7th 2023: the world wakes up in shock. Over 1,300 Israeli civilians have just been massacred. While the population thought it was safe behind its walls, its iron dome and its barbed wire, protected by its invincible army, the country is undergoing an unprecedented attack. At the helm is a terrorist group: Hamas. An Islamist faction that no one, least of all Israeli believed capable of such an operation. So who are these men, with their green bandanas, capable of such atrocities? Who are the organization’s supporters? How did they manage to plan this attack? With the help of leading experts, we investigate the rise of Hamas. Founded in the late 80s from Muslim resistance groups, the organisation won popular legitimacy in Gaza. We investigate its leaders, in particular the coordinator of the “al-Aqsa flood” attack: Mohammed Deïf. The Israeli security services have been tracking him relentlessly for three decades. The other mastermind of the organization is Ismaël Haniyeh, head of the political bureau. He has taken refuge in Qatar. Thanks to the testimonies of former members of the Israeli intelligence services, we reveal the methods that enabled Hamas to slip under the radar of the Shin Bet, Israel’s internal security service: underground caches, a network of dozens of kilometers of tunnels, old-fashioned communications, homemade rockets and also the use of modern technologies, such as drones and cyberattacks. According to its former director, Ami Ayalon, the Shin Beth had relied solely on electronic surveillance to the detriment of human intelligence. We reveal the financial support Hamas received to carry out this operation. For years, the Iranians have been the terrorist movement’s main allies in its fight against Israel. In Lebanon, we interviewed a senior Hamas official who, a few days after the massacre, was delighted with the success of the operation. We also look at the role of Qatar, which finances the movement to the tune of $30 million a month. per month. The terrorist nebula also relies on appeals for donations in crypto-currencies. The sums collected are enormous, more than $100 million between 2021 and 2023. Our investigation will finally take a closer look at the movement from the inside, and analyze its hold on the Gazan population. A population that has been imprisoned for years on this tiny strip of land, living in part under the yoke of the by the Islamist organization. In Egypt, we caught up with a Hamas opponent who fled Gaza in 2021 after spending two hundred days in the terrorist group’s jails. He tells us about the group’s hold over the civilian population, the recruitment of young people and the terrorist group’s propaganda methods. Director : Marc de la Villardière & Vincent Prado

00:59:20

Musk vs Bezos: The New Star Wars

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,The two richest men in the world are engaged in a vicious space race that has implications for us all. For years, Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk have squabbled in the media over everything from who is the wealthiest to who did what first. But their rival space programmes, satellite launches and plans to colonise the planets have launched a new Space Age. With his company, Blue Origin, Jeff Bezos has thrown himself into space tourism and, in doing so, has revolutionised access to Space. He sees himself as the leader in this burgeoning ’New Space’ market. But he faces a determined opponent: Elon Musk, the eccentric head of SpaceX. Musk’s company has already disrupted the traditional aerospace launch industry and now he’s aiming for Mars. When Musk first tried to buy a Russian rocket back in 2001, the chief engineer of the Russian Space Agency thought he was a joke. But that only made Musk more determined. Rather than buy rockets, he decided to build them and invested $100 million dollars, half his fortune at the time, in the creation of SpaceX. By 2008 SpaceX had a contract with NASA to supply flights to the International Space Station. At around the same time Musk was founding SpaceX, Jeff Bezos was working on a secretive project to bring tourists to space. By 2015, he was ready to go public with a new rocket named the New Shepherd, the first reusable rocket to reach space. A year later, Musk announced an ambitious, widely ridiculed, plan to colonise Mars within 30 years. In the meantime, Bezos was working on plans to colonise the moon. When competition with China made returning to the moon a top priority for President Trump, there was one big question: which company would get the lucrative NASA moon contract? Aside from colonising space and NASA contracts, the two billionaires are also racing to launch the most satellites. This allows them to deliver low latency broadband data services everywhere on the Earth… and to monopolise all future terrestrial communications. Jeff Bezos recently announced the launch of Kuiper, his network of more than 3,000 satellites. Jeff Bezos recently announced the launch of Kuiper, his network of more than 3,000 satellites. So where will it end? How far will this intensive commercialisation of space go? We investigate. Director: Agnès Hubschman